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Scores & formulas

Scores, Formulas & Appendix

For healthcare professionals. This information does not replace clinical judgement in the individual case; the current summary of product characteristics and the guidelines cited are authoritative.

Medically reviewed: Dr. med. univ. Daniel Pehböck, DESA, 01.11.2026

Scores & formulas: Glasgow Coma Scale, APGAR, Body measurements, Burns, Syringe driver conversion, Coagulation – concise for emergency, anaesthesia and intensive care teams, with sources and medically reviewed.

What the chapter covers

  1. Glasgow Coma Scale
  2. APGAR
  3. Body measurements
  4. Burns
  5. Syringe driver conversion
  6. Coagulation

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Drugs in this chapter

Sources and guidelines

  1. Teasdale G, Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. Lancet 1974;2:81–4.
  2. Mosteller RD. Simplified calculation of body-surface area. N Engl J Med 1987;317:1098.
  3. Du Bois D, Du Bois EF. A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. Arch Intern Med 1916;17:863–71.
  4. ARDS Network. Ventilation with lower tidal volumes … N Engl J Med 2000;342:1301–8 (Predicted Body Weight).
  5. Baxter CR, Shires T. Physiological response to crystalloid resuscitation of severe burns. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1968;150:874–94.
  6. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Verbrennungsmedizin (DGV). S2k-Leitlinie Behandlung thermischer Verletzungen des Erwachsenen, AWMF 044-001, Version 8.0, Stand 01.09.2025 (veröffentlicht 27.11.2025).
  7. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kinderchirurgie (DGKCH). S2k-Leitlinie Behandlung thermischer Verletzungen im Kindesalter (Verbrennung, Verbrühung), AWMF 006-128, Version 3.0, 08/2024.
  8. Osler T, Glance LG, Hosmer DW. Simplified estimates of the probability of death after burn injuries.
  9. Byrne RA, Rossello X, Coughlan JJ et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 2023;44:3720–3826.
  10. Konstantinides SV, Meyer G, Becattini C et al. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS). Eur Heart J 2020;41:543–603.
  11. Summaries of product characteristics of authorised products – product and section for each dose in the app.